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[title] => Njemačka penzija nekad je bila ideal, ali stvarnost je drugačija: Znate li kako dobiti mirovinu od 2000 eura? Mogli biste se iznenaditi...
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Odgovor na pitanje koliko iznosi "dobra mirovina" vjerojatno je drugačiji kod svake osobe u Njemačkoj, no ono što je sigurno jest da je sve većem broju ljudi njihova mirovina jedva dovoljna za život.
Prema informacijama Saveznog ministarstva za socijalna pitanja u Njemačkoj svaki peti korisnik mirovine dobiva manje od 500 eura mjesečno.
A da biste dosegli njemačku mirovinu od 2000 eura ili više, ipak biste trebali zarađivati znatno više od njemačkog prosjeka, piše Fenix magazin.
Za određivanje visine mirovine potrebno je uzeti u obzir mnogo čimbenika, ali prije svega su to primanja. Pojednostavljeno, može se reći da se dohodak utvrđuje u odnosu na prosječnu bruto plaću svih obveznika osiguranja. Prema njemačkom mirovinskom osiguranju (DRV), to trenutačno iznosi 38.901 euro, što bi bilo oko 3242 eura mjesečno. Pri određivanju mjesečnog doprinosa odlučujući su tzv. uplatni bodovi.
Počnete li štedjeti s 50 godina, u mirovinu biste mogli ući s oko 200.000 kuna više
Ako osiguranici u godini ostvare točno ovoliko prosječne plaće, dobivaju jedan isplatni bod. S većom ili manjom zaradom, više ili manje prema tome. Nakon umirovljenja svaki zarađeni bod odgovara mirovini od 36,02 eura u zapadnim saveznim državama i 35,52 eura u istočnoj Njemačkoj.
Ako se u starosti želi ostvariti bruto mirovina od 2000 eura ili više, potrebno je, dakle, 56 mirovinskih bodova. To pak znači da bi osiguranici prema sadašnjim vrijednostima 56 godina morali zarađivati mjesečnu bruto prosječnu plaću od 3242 eura kako bi dosegli tu vrijednost.
Prosjek oko 1000 eura
Da bi ostvario mirovinu od 2000 eura, osiguranik bi u 40 godina radnog vijeka od početka morao zarađivati oko trećinu više od njemačkog prosjeka. To znači da bi primanja s početka radnog vijeka trebala biti oko 4323 eura bruto. To nije ostvarivo za većinu Nijemaca.
Stvarnost je znatno drukčija. Prema statistici DRV-a, muški umirovljenici u starim saveznim zemljama krajem 2020. primali su u prosjeku 1172 eura mirovine, a žene 741 euro. U novim saveznim zemljama muškarci su u prosjeku dobili 1249 eura, a žene 1065 eura. Međutim, treba napomenuti da su stvarne prosječne isplate veće, unatoč nižoj razini mirovine, budući da mnogi ljudi u istočnoj Njemačkoj imaju više godina radnog staža nego u zapadnoj Njemačkoj.
No, to su samo bruto mirovine: jer umirovljenici i ovdje moraju plaćati izdvajanja, uključujući zdravstveno osiguranje (7,3 posto) i osiguranje za dugotrajnu njegu (3,05 posto). Osim toga, postoje porezi na mirovinu ako dobijete više od doplatka od 9744 eura godišnje. Da bi primali mirovinu znatno iznad tog prosjeka, osiguranici se, stoga, moraju privatno osigurati kako bi osigurali svoju starost, savjetuje DRV, a prenosi Fenix.
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Odgovor na pitanje koliko iznosi "dobra mirovina" vjerojatno je drugačiji kod svake osobe u Njemačkoj, no ono što je sigurno jest da je sve većem broju ljudi njihova mirovina jedva dovoljna za život.
Prema informacijama Saveznog ministarstva za socijalna pitanja u Njemačkoj svaki peti korisnik mirovine dobiva manje od 500 eura mjesečno.
A da biste dosegli njemačku mirovinu od 2000 eura ili više, ipak biste trebali zarađivati znatno više od njemačkog prosjeka, piše Fenix magazin.
Za određivanje visine mirovine potrebno je uzeti u obzir mnogo čimbenika, ali prije svega su to primanja. Pojednostavljeno, može se reći da se dohodak utvrđuje u odnosu na prosječnu bruto plaću svih obveznika osiguranja. Prema njemačkom mirovinskom osiguranju (DRV), to trenutačno iznosi 38.901 euro, što bi bilo oko 3242 eura mjesečno. Pri određivanju mjesečnog doprinosa odlučujući su tzv. uplatni bodovi.
Počnete li štedjeti s 50 godina, u mirovinu biste mogli ući s oko 200.000 kuna više
Ako osiguranici u godini ostvare točno ovoliko prosječne plaće, dobivaju jedan isplatni bod. S većom ili manjom zaradom, više ili manje prema tome. Nakon umirovljenja svaki zarađeni bod odgovara mirovini od 36,02 eura u zapadnim saveznim državama i 35,52 eura u istočnoj Njemačkoj.
Ako se u starosti želi ostvariti bruto mirovina od 2000 eura ili više, potrebno je, dakle, 56 mirovinskih bodova. To pak znači da bi osiguranici prema sadašnjim vrijednostima 56 godina morali zarađivati mjesečnu bruto prosječnu plaću od 3242 eura kako bi dosegli tu vrijednost.
Prosjek oko 1000 eura
Da bi ostvario mirovinu od 2000 eura, osiguranik bi u 40 godina radnog vijeka od početka morao zarađivati oko trećinu više od njemačkog prosjeka. To znači da bi primanja s početka radnog vijeka trebala biti oko 4323 eura bruto. To nije ostvarivo za većinu Nijemaca.
Stvarnost je znatno drukčija. Prema statistici DRV-a, muški umirovljenici u starim saveznim zemljama krajem 2020. primali su u prosjeku 1172 eura mirovine, a žene 741 euro. U novim saveznim zemljama muškarci su u prosjeku dobili 1249 eura, a žene 1065 eura. Međutim, treba napomenuti da su stvarne prosječne isplate veće, unatoč nižoj razini mirovine, budući da mnogi ljudi u istočnoj Njemačkoj imaju više godina radnog staža nego u zapadnoj Njemačkoj.
No, to su samo bruto mirovine: jer umirovljenici i ovdje moraju plaćati izdvajanja, uključujući zdravstveno osiguranje (7,3 posto) i osiguranje za dugotrajnu njegu (3,05 posto). Osim toga, postoje porezi na mirovinu ako dobijete više od doplatka od 9744 eura godišnje. Da bi primali mirovinu znatno iznad tog prosjeka, osiguranici se, stoga, moraju privatno osigurati kako bi osigurali svoju starost, savjetuje DRV, a prenosi Fenix.
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14. svibanj 2024 21:06
