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[title] => Udruga Franak: Važne vijesti stižu sa Suda EU, u presudi ulazne naknade za obradu kredita su proglašene ništetnima, čeka se još jedna odluka
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Udruga Franak objavila je dvije važne vijesti sa Suda EU-a, prva je o presudi donesenoj 3. rujna.2020. kojom su de facto ulazne naknade za obradu kredita proglašene ništetnima, a druga je o tome da će Sud EU 25. studenoga 2020. donijeti još jednu važnu odluku o neodredivim kamatama kakve su ugovarane i u Hrvatskoj.
-Navikli smo se na dobre vijesti sa Suda EU koji snažno štiti prava potrošača u cijeloj Europskoj uniji, pa tako i u Hrvatskoj. Pronašli smo presudu od 3. rujna 2020. po nekoliko spojenih poljskih sudskih predmeta kojom je odgovoreno na pitanja o zakonitosti ulaznih naknada za obradu kredita - poručuju iz udruge Franak.
Nadalje navode kako je presudom u spojenim predmetima C-84/19, C-222/19 i C-252/19 Sud EU odlučio: da nekamatni troškovi kredita koji su u okvirima maksimalne efektivne kamatne stope jesu podložni ispitivanju poštenosti na temelju Direktive 93/13, kao i da troškove koji ne čine glavnicu i kamate nacionalni sud mora provjeriti u smislu čine li oni stvarnu uslugu, i jesu li ti troškovi transparentno ugovoreni, a to znači da nije dovoljno da su gramatički razumljivi, nego moraju sadržavati i jasne ekonomske kriterije zbog kojih se takvi troškovi ugovaraju.
Također, Sud Eu je odlučio da je ulazna naknada za obradu kredita primjerena samo ako je jasno na koju se konkretnu uslugu ta naknada odnosi, te da nacionalni sud mora provjeriti je li ulazna naknada ugovorena kao primjerena naknada odnosno kao odredba koja sadrži prirodu troška i uslugu koja se daje za naplaćenu naknadu. Isto tako odlučio je i da nacionalni sud mora utvrditi proporcionalnost ugovorene naknade u odnosu na uslugu koja je pružena te na iznos ugovorenog kredita.
-Možemo zaključiti u skladu s tom presudom, budući da naknade za obradu kredita u hrvatskim potrošačkim ugovorima ne sadrže nikakva objašnjenja, osim šturoga pojma – „naknada za obradu kredita“ – da su sve takve naknade nepošteno ugovorene i zbog toga su ništetne - ističu u udruzi Franak.
Najavljaju i da će Sud EU 25. studenoga 2020. odlučivati o rumunjskom predmetu C-269/19 u kojemu će biti odgovoreno na pitanje koja se kamata primjenjuje ako je ugovorena neodrediva promjenjiva kamatna stopa (jednako kao što su ugovarane kamate u Hrvatskoj sve do 2013.).
Kako navode, bitne dileme su sljedeće: Je li u tome slučaju primjenjiva početno ugovorena kamatna stopa? Je li u tome slučaju primjenjiva fiksna marža s početka ugovornog odnosa uz dodatak Euribora/Libora? Ako nije moguće niti jedno od tih rješenja, koji konkretni pravni lijek valja primijeniti na takvu nepoštenu ugovornu odredbu odnosno kako bi onda trebalo obračunavati otplatu takvoga kredita, s kojom kamatom ili čak možda i bez kamate?
-Sudska praksa u Hrvatskoj je takva da se primjenjuje početno ugovorena kamatna stopa, pa je moguće da će odgovorom na pitanja iz spojenih poljskih predmeta Sud EU utjecati na promjenu sudske prakse u Hrvatskoj, koja može biti samo u korist potrošača - naglašavaju u udruzi Franak.
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Udruga Franak objavila je dvije važne vijesti sa Suda EU-a, prva je o presudi donesenoj 3. rujna.2020. kojom su de facto ulazne naknade za obradu kredita proglašene ništetnima, a druga je o tome da će Sud EU 25. studenoga 2020. donijeti još jednu važnu odluku o neodredivim kamatama kakve su ugovarane i u Hrvatskoj.
-Navikli smo se na dobre vijesti sa Suda EU koji snažno štiti prava potrošača u cijeloj Europskoj uniji, pa tako i u Hrvatskoj. Pronašli smo presudu od 3. rujna 2020. po nekoliko spojenih poljskih sudskih predmeta kojom je odgovoreno na pitanja o zakonitosti ulaznih naknada za obradu kredita - poručuju iz udruge Franak.
Nadalje navode kako je presudom u spojenim predmetima C-84/19, C-222/19 i C-252/19 Sud EU odlučio: da nekamatni troškovi kredita koji su u okvirima maksimalne efektivne kamatne stope jesu podložni ispitivanju poštenosti na temelju Direktive 93/13, kao i da troškove koji ne čine glavnicu i kamate nacionalni sud mora provjeriti u smislu čine li oni stvarnu uslugu, i jesu li ti troškovi transparentno ugovoreni, a to znači da nije dovoljno da su gramatički razumljivi, nego moraju sadržavati i jasne ekonomske kriterije zbog kojih se takvi troškovi ugovaraju.
Također, Sud Eu je odlučio da je ulazna naknada za obradu kredita primjerena samo ako je jasno na koju se konkretnu uslugu ta naknada odnosi, te da nacionalni sud mora provjeriti je li ulazna naknada ugovorena kao primjerena naknada odnosno kao odredba koja sadrži prirodu troška i uslugu koja se daje za naplaćenu naknadu. Isto tako odlučio je i da nacionalni sud mora utvrditi proporcionalnost ugovorene naknade u odnosu na uslugu koja je pružena te na iznos ugovorenog kredita.
-Možemo zaključiti u skladu s tom presudom, budući da naknade za obradu kredita u hrvatskim potrošačkim ugovorima ne sadrže nikakva objašnjenja, osim šturoga pojma – „naknada za obradu kredita“ – da su sve takve naknade nepošteno ugovorene i zbog toga su ništetne - ističu u udruzi Franak.
Najavljaju i da će Sud EU 25. studenoga 2020. odlučivati o rumunjskom predmetu C-269/19 u kojemu će biti odgovoreno na pitanje koja se kamata primjenjuje ako je ugovorena neodrediva promjenjiva kamatna stopa (jednako kao što su ugovarane kamate u Hrvatskoj sve do 2013.).
Kako navode, bitne dileme su sljedeće: Je li u tome slučaju primjenjiva početno ugovorena kamatna stopa? Je li u tome slučaju primjenjiva fiksna marža s početka ugovornog odnosa uz dodatak Euribora/Libora? Ako nije moguće niti jedno od tih rješenja, koji konkretni pravni lijek valja primijeniti na takvu nepoštenu ugovornu odredbu odnosno kako bi onda trebalo obračunavati otplatu takvoga kredita, s kojom kamatom ili čak možda i bez kamate?
-Sudska praksa u Hrvatskoj je takva da se primjenjuje početno ugovorena kamatna stopa, pa je moguće da će odgovorom na pitanja iz spojenih poljskih predmeta Sud EU utjecati na promjenu sudske prakse u Hrvatskoj, koja može biti samo u korist potrošača - naglašavaju u udruzi Franak.
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19. svibanj 2024 22:46
