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[title] => Što sve možemo sa vinskom kominom: od kompostiranja i organskog gnojiva, proizvodnje ulja, brašna, peleta pa do farmaceutske i kozmetičke industrije
[alias] => sto-sve-mozemo-sa-vinskom-kominom-od-kompostiranja-i-organskog-gnojiva-proizvodnje-ulja-brasna-peleta-pa-do-farmaceutske-i-kozmeticke-industrije
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Vrijeme trganja je iza nas a dalmatinski podrumi puni su komine koja je zaostala nakon prešenja i cijeđenja grožđa. Od komine (dropa) se uglavnom peče rakija i to je njezina glavna uloga, no manje je poznato da je komina sirovina, koja se može višestruko iskoristiti. Komina kao nusproizvod vinarstva ima vrijedan sirovinski potencijal, a iskoristiti se može gotovo sto posto komine te se iz nje mogu proizvesti ulje sjemenki grožđa, brašno sjemenki grožđa, brašno od pokožice. Vrijedna je sirovina za proizvodnju biomase u postupku dobivanje „čiste“ energije. Koristi se kao organsko gnojivo u vrtovima, maslinicima i vinogradima.
---
---
Od 10 kilograma grožđa može se dobiti oko sedam litara vina. Kada je rakije u pitanju za jedan litra rakije potrebno je 10-15 kilograma dropa od grožđa ili šljiva. U tom procesu destiliranja rakije ostaje komina, koja nužno ne mora biti otpad već se može dalje može koristiti. U Dalmaciji se do sada uglavnom koristila kao gnojivo unatoč različitim mogućnostima upotrebe komine. Komina može biti odlično gnojivo jer sadrži dušik, fosfornu kiselinu, kalij. Pogodna je za poboljšavanje strukture tla. Da bi komina „dala sve od sebe“ najbolje bi je bilo kompostirati pa tek onda razbacati po vrtovima. Prilikom pravljenja komposta od komine poželjno je dodati i ostatke biljaka, primjerice lišće i grančice zaostale od orezivanja, te piljevinu, sijeno ili slamu. I sve se to kompostira do idućeg proljeća kada se može razbaciti po maslincima i vinogradima.
---
---
Komina je, pored celuloze, bogata i šećerima, organiskim kiselinama, taninima, vitaminima, antioksidansima pa se koristi u farmaceutskoj, kozmetičkoj i prehrambenoj industriji. Od komine se mogu praviti i pogačice za ishranu stoke, uglavnom koza i ovaca. U iskorištavanju komine najdalje se otišlo u Istri gdje tvrtka IBioSeedLab proizvodi mehanički hladno prešano nerafinirano ulje sjemenki grožđa, a u planu je i proizvodnja brašna od sjemenki grožđa te drugi prirodni proizvodi.
Komina grožđa se koristi se i za dobivanje biogoriva jer je vinska komina dobar izvor toplinske energije. To uglavnom podrazumijeva proizvodnju peleta od komine. Sagorijevanjem vinske komine nema sumpora koji utječe na zagađenje okoliša i stvaranje šljake nakon gorenja, pa se očekuje šira primjena komine u proizvođačkoj industriji peleta za koje se smatra da su energent budućnosti. Peleti su kao energenti ekološki prihvatljivi a nisu ni skupi pa je njihova proizvodnja dugoročno sigurna i profitabilna.
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Vrijeme trganja je iza nas a dalmatinski podrumi puni su komine koja je zaostala nakon prešenja i cijeđenja grožđa. Od komine (dropa) se uglavnom peče rakija i to je njezina glavna uloga, no manje je poznato da je komina sirovina, koja se može višestruko iskoristiti. Komina kao nusproizvod vinarstva ima vrijedan sirovinski potencijal, a iskoristiti se može gotovo sto posto komine te se iz nje mogu proizvesti ulje sjemenki grožđa, brašno sjemenki grožđa, brašno od pokožice. Vrijedna je sirovina za proizvodnju biomase u postupku dobivanje „čiste“ energije. Koristi se kao organsko gnojivo u vrtovima, maslinicima i vinogradima.
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Od 10 kilograma grožđa može se dobiti oko sedam litara vina. Kada je rakije u pitanju za jedan litra rakije potrebno je 10-15 kilograma dropa od grožđa ili šljiva. U tom procesu destiliranja rakije ostaje komina, koja nužno ne mora biti otpad već se može dalje može koristiti. U Dalmaciji se do sada uglavnom koristila kao gnojivo unatoč različitim mogućnostima upotrebe komine. Komina može biti odlično gnojivo jer sadrži dušik, fosfornu kiselinu, kalij. Pogodna je za poboljšavanje strukture tla. Da bi komina „dala sve od sebe“ najbolje bi je bilo kompostirati pa tek onda razbacati po vrtovima. Prilikom pravljenja komposta od komine poželjno je dodati i ostatke biljaka, primjerice lišće i grančice zaostale od orezivanja, te piljevinu, sijeno ili slamu. I sve se to kompostira do idućeg proljeća kada se može razbaciti po maslincima i vinogradima.
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Komina je, pored celuloze, bogata i šećerima, organiskim kiselinama, taninima, vitaminima, antioksidansima pa se koristi u farmaceutskoj, kozmetičkoj i prehrambenoj industriji. Od komine se mogu praviti i pogačice za ishranu stoke, uglavnom koza i ovaca. U iskorištavanju komine najdalje se otišlo u Istri gdje tvrtka IBioSeedLab proizvodi mehanički hladno prešano nerafinirano ulje sjemenki grožđa, a u planu je i proizvodnja brašna od sjemenki grožđa te drugi prirodni proizvodi.
Komina grožđa se koristi se i za dobivanje biogoriva jer je vinska komina dobar izvor toplinske energije. To uglavnom podrazumijeva proizvodnju peleta od komine. Sagorijevanjem vinske komine nema sumpora koji utječe na zagađenje okoliša i stvaranje šljake nakon gorenja, pa se očekuje šira primjena komine u proizvođačkoj industriji peleta za koje se smatra da su energent budućnosti. Peleti su kao energenti ekološki prihvatljivi a nisu ni skupi pa je njihova proizvodnja dugoročno sigurna i profitabilna.
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12. svibanj 2024 10:36
