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Ako uzmemo u obzir da su još u Rimskom carstvu postojale javne kupelji - terme, bilo bi za očekivati da se u srednjem vijeku osobna higijena podrazumijevala. Ipak, poznato je da to nije bio slučaj, a razloge za to objasnio je National Geographic, a prenosi Slobodna Dalmacija.

Još od antičkih vremena u mnogim civilizacijama je zabilježen pojam javne kupaonice. Podjednako pravo na njihovo korištenje najčešće su imali svi građani, a funkcija ovih objekata povezivala se jednako i s higijenom i s principom hedonizma. 

Tijekom četvrtog i petog stoljeća, kršćanska crkva propagirala je redovito kupanje, ali ne u javnim kupatilima. Posebno su bile zabranjene one terme u kojima su se u istoj prostoriji kupali muškarci i žene. S vremenom su se zabrane množile, sve dok kršćanima nije bilo zabranjeno kupanje bez odjeće. Crkvene vlasti su na kupanje gledale kao na uživanje u nečistim strastima koje vode u nemoralno i promiskuitetno ponašanje.

U tom se periodu vjerovalo da se kupanjem prenose mnoge bolesti kroz pore na koži. Jedno istraživanje iz 16. stoljeća opisuje kako kupanje zagrijava tijelo, ali slabi organizam i proširuje pore te na taj način stvara rizik od raznih bolesti, pa čak i smrti. 

Higijena se kod pripadnika nižih klasa u jednom trenutku svela na umivanje, ispiranje usta i pranje ruku. Umivanje se jako rijetko prakticiralo, jer je bilo rasprostranjeno vjerovanje da voda u kontaku s očima slabi vid i uzrokuje kataraktu. S druge strane, pripadnici viših klasa kupali su se oko pet puta godišnje.

Stanovnici pojedinih dijelova današnje Rusije kupali su se jednom mjesečno, a ostali Europljani ovu su njihovu naviku vidjeli kao neki oblik perverznog ponašanja. 

Čuvena priča o neugodnom mirisu Luja XIV, dakle, ima zanimljivu pozadinu. Naime, liječnici su kralju savjetovali da se što rjeđe kupa kako ne bi ugrozio svoje zdravlje. Prema nekim podacima, Luj XIV se okupao samo dva puta u cijelom svom životu. Slično održavanje (ne)higijene prakticirala je i španjolska kraljica Izabela I, koja se okupala samo kad se rodila i na dan kada se udala.

Tijekom srednjeg vijeka, mnogi pripadnici aristokracije zamijenili su kupanje eteričnim uljima ili parfemima. Muškarci su nosili vrećice s mirisnim biljem između slojeva odjeće, dok su žene neugodan miris nastojale prekriti mirisnim puderima. 

Sve do polovice XIX vijeka u Europi je vladala apsolutna nehigijena, pa ako se podsjetimo čuvene izreke "da se povijest uvijek ponavlja" u 19. stoljeću higijena je postala svakodnevni imperativ kao što je to bila i u antičkim vremenima, piše National Geographic.

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Ako uzmemo u obzir da su još u Rimskom carstvu postojale javne kupelji - terme, bilo bi za očekivati da se u srednjem vijeku osobna higijena podrazumijevala. Ipak, poznato je da to nije bio slučaj, a razloge za to objasnio je National Geographic, a prenosi Slobodna Dalmacija.

Još od antičkih vremena u mnogim civilizacijama je zabilježen pojam javne kupaonice. Podjednako pravo na njihovo korištenje najčešće su imali svi građani, a funkcija ovih objekata povezivala se jednako i s higijenom i s principom hedonizma. 

Tijekom četvrtog i petog stoljeća, kršćanska crkva propagirala je redovito kupanje, ali ne u javnim kupatilima. Posebno su bile zabranjene one terme u kojima su se u istoj prostoriji kupali muškarci i žene. S vremenom su se zabrane množile, sve dok kršćanima nije bilo zabranjeno kupanje bez odjeće. Crkvene vlasti su na kupanje gledale kao na uživanje u nečistim strastima koje vode u nemoralno i promiskuitetno ponašanje.

U tom se periodu vjerovalo da se kupanjem prenose mnoge bolesti kroz pore na koži. Jedno istraživanje iz 16. stoljeća opisuje kako kupanje zagrijava tijelo, ali slabi organizam i proširuje pore te na taj način stvara rizik od raznih bolesti, pa čak i smrti. 

Higijena se kod pripadnika nižih klasa u jednom trenutku svela na umivanje, ispiranje usta i pranje ruku. Umivanje se jako rijetko prakticiralo, jer je bilo rasprostranjeno vjerovanje da voda u kontaku s očima slabi vid i uzrokuje kataraktu. S druge strane, pripadnici viših klasa kupali su se oko pet puta godišnje.

Stanovnici pojedinih dijelova današnje Rusije kupali su se jednom mjesečno, a ostali Europljani ovu su njihovu naviku vidjeli kao neki oblik perverznog ponašanja. 

Čuvena priča o neugodnom mirisu Luja XIV, dakle, ima zanimljivu pozadinu. Naime, liječnici su kralju savjetovali da se što rjeđe kupa kako ne bi ugrozio svoje zdravlje. Prema nekim podacima, Luj XIV se okupao samo dva puta u cijelom svom životu. Slično održavanje (ne)higijene prakticirala je i španjolska kraljica Izabela I, koja se okupala samo kad se rodila i na dan kada se udala.

Tijekom srednjeg vijeka, mnogi pripadnici aristokracije zamijenili su kupanje eteričnim uljima ili parfemima. Muškarci su nosili vrećice s mirisnim biljem između slojeva odjeće, dok su žene neugodan miris nastojale prekriti mirisnim puderima. 

Sve do polovice XIX vijeka u Europi je vladala apsolutna nehigijena, pa ako se podsjetimo čuvene izreke "da se povijest uvijek ponavlja" u 19. stoljeću higijena je postala svakodnevni imperativ kao što je to bila i u antičkim vremenima, piše National Geographic.

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ZabavaNEOBIČNA UVJERENJA

Srednji vijek nije bio samo mračno, već i smrdljivo doba: ljudi su izbjegavali umivanje, a neki su se okupali jednom u životu. Bojali su se vode, a i Crkva je imala svoje prste u tome

Piše M.P.
27. siječnja 2022. - 09:15
20691824
Photo Josse/Leemage/AFP

Ako uzmemo u obzir da su još u Rimskom carstvu postojale javne kupelji - terme, bilo bi za očekivati da se u srednjem vijeku osobna higijena podrazumijevala. Ipak, poznato je da to nije bio slučaj, a razloge za to objasnio je National Geographic, a prenosi Slobodna Dalmacija.

Još od antičkih vremena u mnogim civilizacijama je zabilježen pojam javne kupaonice. Podjednako pravo na njihovo korištenje najčešće su imali svi građani, a funkcija ovih objekata povezivala se jednako i s higijenom i s principom hedonizma. 

Tijekom četvrtog i petog stoljeća, kršćanska crkva propagirala je redovito kupanje, ali ne u javnim kupatilima. Posebno su bile zabranjene one terme u kojima su se u istoj prostoriji kupali muškarci i žene. S vremenom su se zabrane množile, sve dok kršćanima nije bilo zabranjeno kupanje bez odjeće. Crkvene vlasti su na kupanje gledale kao na uživanje u nečistim strastima koje vode u nemoralno i promiskuitetno ponašanje.

U tom se periodu vjerovalo da se kupanjem prenose mnoge bolesti kroz pore na koži. Jedno istraživanje iz 16. stoljeća opisuje kako kupanje zagrijava tijelo, ali slabi organizam i proširuje pore te na taj način stvara rizik od raznih bolesti, pa čak i smrti. 

Higijena se kod pripadnika nižih klasa u jednom trenutku svela na umivanje, ispiranje usta i pranje ruku. Umivanje se jako rijetko prakticiralo, jer je bilo rasprostranjeno vjerovanje da voda u kontaku s očima slabi vid i uzrokuje kataraktu. S druge strane, pripadnici viših klasa kupali su se oko pet puta godišnje.

Stanovnici pojedinih dijelova današnje Rusije kupali su se jednom mjesečno, a ostali Europljani ovu su njihovu naviku vidjeli kao neki oblik perverznog ponašanja. 

Čuvena priča o neugodnom mirisu Luja XIV, dakle, ima zanimljivu pozadinu. Naime, liječnici su kralju savjetovali da se što rjeđe kupa kako ne bi ugrozio svoje zdravlje. Prema nekim podacima, Luj XIV se okupao samo dva puta u cijelom svom životu. Slično održavanje (ne)higijene prakticirala je i španjolska kraljica Izabela I, koja se okupala samo kad se rodila i na dan kada se udala.

Tijekom srednjeg vijeka, mnogi pripadnici aristokracije zamijenili su kupanje eteričnim uljima ili parfemima. Muškarci su nosili vrećice s mirisnim biljem između slojeva odjeće, dok su žene neugodan miris nastojale prekriti mirisnim puderima. 

Sve do polovice XIX vijeka u Europi je vladala apsolutna nehigijena, pa ako se podsjetimo čuvene izreke "da se povijest uvijek ponavlja" u 19. stoljeću higijena je postala svakodnevni imperativ kao što je to bila i u antičkim vremenima, piše National Geographic.

#SREDNJI VIJEK#HIGIJENA#KUPANJE
19. svibanj 2024 11:38